poyser



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet J.. POYSER. RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY CHAIR, @o.No. 321,247. Patented June 30, 1885. 769/5: 175 44 WITNESSES Q DTVENTOR:

ATTORNEYS.

fi-B ifiodm. 2; Sheets-Sheet 2. J. POYSER.

RAILWAY AND TRAMWAY CHAIR, &0. No. 321,247. Patented June 30, 1885..-

Fay/l7.

WITNESSES: I JgWBNTOR: B fig ATTORNEYS.

JOHN POYSER, OF SHERWOOD RISE,

Erica.

ATENT MANSFIELD, COUNTY OF NOTTING- HAM, ENGLAND.

RAILWA Y AND TRA MWAY CHAIR, ate.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 321,247, dated June 30,1885.

Application filed January 10, 12 85. (No model.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN POYSER, of Sherwood Rise, Mansfield, Nottinghamcounty, England, have invented a new and Improved Railway or TramwayChair, of which the following is a full,vclear, and exact description.

The object of my invention is to provide a chair and apparatus inconnection therewith for securing more efficiently railway and tramwayrails or sleepers. The rail may be of any usual sections, suchasdouble-headed, bullheaded, or flat-bottomed for railroads, or withgrooved head for tramways.

My improved chair is ordinarily constructed with three jaws, formed inone piece with or rigidly attached to a base of the ordinary form. Onejaw is shaped to receive one side of the rail in the ordinary way, andthe other two jaws are on the opposite side of the rail, sufficientspace being left between them and the aforesaid single jaw to allow ofthe easy admission and extraction of the rail. The said pair of jaws arearranged practically parallel to each other, and the inner side of eachjaw is grooved or recessed vertically about midway for the reception ofa metal block, which will be described hereinafter. After the rail hasbeen placed in position in the chair, with its sides abutting againstthe single jaw before mentioned, a key, made of either wood or metal andadapted to fit against the side of the rail, is then inserted betweenthe two jaws, and a metal block, provided with a verticalshoulder-piece, fillet, or projection on each side to fit in theaforesaid grooves or recesses in the said jaws, is then driven downbehind the wooden or metal key, and thus fixes the rail firmly inposition in the chair. In order to hold the rail more tightly in itsplace I may, if preferred, form the face of the block which comes incontact with the key with an incline or bevel; or the said face may bevertical and the grooves or recesses in the jaws may be inclined towardthe key. Either of these methods will cause the block to act as awedgeand exert a greater pressure the farther it is driven down. If desired,in order to insure the block remaining in position when driven into itsplace, a horizontal hole may be provided through the two jaws and theblock and a bolt Patented in England June 26, 1884, No. 9,420.

or pin passed through the said hole. The bolt may be provided with ahead, and may be fastened at the other end by means of a split pin. Inpractice, however, I do not find that any such device is necessary. Inorder to fa cilitate the removal of the rail from the chair the metalblock has an inclined recess formed on the under side, or the entireunder side may be inclined so that a crow-bar can be inserted to act asa lever and force the block up,

when it can be lifted out and the key removed.

When the said key is made of wood, I cause the end grain to abut againstthe side of the rail and the face of the block, so that the fibers areat right angles to the rail and the block therefore unaffected byexpansion or shrinkage produced by atmospheric or other causes, andcannot work loose like ordinary keys.

By increasing the width of my improved chair it is well adapted to actas a joint-chair, and then may be used as a substitute for or incombination with the ordinary fish-plates and bolts, a double ormultiple set of keys and blocks being used, if desired.

My improved chair is also applicable not only as an ordinary or jointchair, but also as an intermediate crossing, joint, or check-rail chair.By modifying the form of the faces of the single jaws, keys, and base itcan readily be adapted to any section of rail desired, whether for useon railways or tramways. It can also be employed in any form of combinedsleeper and chair, as where the chair and sleeper form one casting, orthe chair or jaws are attached to a wrought-iron or steel sleeper.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming part ofthis specification, in which similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved chair for a bull-headedrail, the rail being in section. Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same. Fig.3 is an end elevation showing the rail, key, and block in position. Fig.4 is a detail side View of the wooden or metal key. Fig. 5 is a sideview of the block. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 7 is anoutside View of the same. Fig. 8 is a side view of part of a chairprovided with lugs,which prevent the rail from creeping. Fig. 9 is aplan view of a chair for receiving two wedges and two blocks. Fig. 10 isa cross-sectional view of a chair for holding a rail and a fish-plate.

The base A of the chair is provided with holes B, through which thespikes are driven into the sleeper or bolts of any kind are passed forholding the chair on metal sleepers. The jaw C is bent upward and shapedto receive the rail D. Two jaws, E and E, are formed on the baseopposite the jaw G, and are provided with vertical grooves or recesses Fand F, adapted to receive feathers, splines, or projections H H formedon the sides of the metal block I, the inner face of which is beveledfrom the top to the bottom, as shown in Fig. 5- that is, the distancefrom the face of the splines H to the inner face of the block increasesfrom the top to the bottom. A wooden or metal key, G, is placed betweenthe jaws E E and against the rail. The key G, the inner surface of whichis shaped to fit against the web, head, and base of the rail, is placedagainst the said rail, and the block I is inserted between the jaws Eand E and driven home tight. The wedge-shaped or beveled face of thesaid block drives the key more firmly against the rail as the block isdriven down further. The block I is provided in its bottom with arecess, 1, for receiving the end of a crow-bar for lifting the saidblock.

In order to afi'ord additional surface to receive the thrust of theblock I, the inner face of the jaws E E may sometimes be inclined behindthe grooves F F toward each other, and the sides of the block I arecorrespondingly inclined, as shown in Fig. 7; and I may even dispensewith the grooves F F and the splines H H and rely solely upon the saidinclined faces and sides. If desired, one or more lugs or projections,J, may be cast on the inner end surface of the jaw O to enter holes inthe rail D to prevent the said rail from creeping. If desired, the jaw 0may be carried close up under the head of the rail to secure In Fig. 9 Ishow a metal jaw, E, in addition to the jaws E and E, and two lugs, J,are provided. In this case two keys, G, and blocks I are used. Ifdesired, the chair may be arranged for receiving three, four, or morekeys G and corresponding blocks, 1.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. The combination, in a chair for securing railwayor tramway rails, of a jaw, C,with the jaws E E, having vertical groovesF F, the key G, and the block I, having projections or splines H H,adapted to be passed through the grooves F F, substantially as hereinshown and described.

2. The combination, in a chair for securing railway or tramway rails, ofthe jaw O with the jaws E E, key G, block I, and the lug J on the jaw C,substantially as herein shown and described.

3. The combination, in a chair for securing railway or tramway rails, ofthe jaw O with the jaws E E, the key G, and the block I, having a recessI in the bottom, substantially as herein shown and described.

4. The combination, in a chair for securing railway or tramway rails, ofthe jaw O with the jaws E E, the block I, having splines, feathers, orprojections H H, and having its inner side beveled, and of the key G,substantially as herein shown and described.

I J OHN POYSER. Witnesses:

Jns. HAYWOOD,

of .Mcmsfield Woodhouse, Notta, E. P. DAVIS,

56 Pdl'k Road, Lenton, Notts.

